Florida’s alligators have been around for millions of years—prehistoric survivors that have witnessed the world change around them. Whether you’re hiking near a freshwater pond, canoeing through a slow-moving river, or walking your dog near a lake, there’s always a chance of spotting one of these ancient reptiles basking in the sun. While they may seem intimidating, alligators are typically shy and avoid humans, but understanding their behavior—especially in winter—can help keep both you and them safe.
Where Do Alligators Go in Winter?
Unlike true hibernators, alligators enter a state called brumation when temperatures drop. During this time, they slow their metabolism and become lethargic, often remaining in their burrows or submerged in the water with only their snouts visible. On sunny days, even in the cooler months, they may still be seen basking on riverbanks to absorb warmth.
One of the most fascinating winter behaviors of alligators is icing—when they allow their snouts to freeze above the surface of a pond while the rest of their body remains submerged beneath the ice. This adaptation allows them to continue breathing even when the water turns to ice, a strategy particularly useful in northern parts of their range. While rare in Florida, where deep freezes are uncommon, it’s a testament to their ability to survive in extreme conditions.
Unusual Alligator Facts
Alligators Can Climb Trees
It may sound surprising, but alligators have been observed climbing trees, especially in areas where there aren’t many basking spots along the shore. Their strong limbs and claws allow them to scramble up leaning trees and branches to soak up the sun.
They Can Run Faster Than You Think
On land, an alligator can sprint up to 11 miles per hour in short bursts. While they’re not built for marathon runs, they can certainly lunge with surprising speed if startled or provoked. Luckily, they rarely chase humans and would rather retreat to the water.
They Are Excellent Mothers
Unlike many reptiles that lay their eggs and leave, female alligators fiercely protect their nests and young for over a year. Hatchlings stay close to their mother, who will aggressively defend them from predators—including other alligators.
What to Do If You Encounter an Alligator
If You See One While Walking
- Keep your distance. Alligators are typically not aggressive toward humans unless provoked.
- Never approach, feed, or harass an alligator—feeding them teaches them to associate people with food, leading to dangerous encounters.
- If the alligator hisses or opens its mouth, back away slowly.
If You See One While Canoeing
- Stay calm and avoid paddling too close. Most alligators will dive underwater to escape if a canoe or kayak gets near.
- If an alligator is blocking a narrow waterway, give it space—it will usually move away once it feels safe.
- Avoid splashing excessively, as this can mimic the movements of struggling prey.
If You’re Walking a Dog Near the Water
- Keep pets on a leash and at least 10 feet away from the water’s edge—alligators can lunge from the water incredibly fast.
- Avoid walking dogs near lakes and canals, especially at dawn or dusk, when alligators are most active.
- If an alligator approaches, pick up your pet and move away quickly.
Respecting Florida’s Ancient Predators
Alligators are a vital part of Florida’s ecosystem, helping to control prey populations and even creating habitat for other wildlife by digging “gator holes” that retain water during dry seasons. While they deserve respect and caution, they are not the mindless predators they’re often made out to be. By understanding their behaviors and giving them space, humans and alligators can coexist safely—just as they have for millions of years.